@article {5495,
	title = {Determining Structure-Activity Relationships in Oxide Derived Cu-Sn Catalysts During CO2Electroreduction Using X-Ray Spectroscopy},
	journal = {Advanced Energy Materials},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {2103328},
	abstract = {The development of earth-abundant catalysts for selective electrochemical CO2conversion is a central challenge. CuSn bimetallic catalysts can yield selective CO2reduction toward either CO or formate. This study presents oxide-derived CuSn catalysts tunable for either product and seeks to understand the synergetic effects between Cu and Sn causing these selectivity trends. The materials undergo significant transformations under CO2\&nbsp;reduction conditions, and their dynamic bulk and surface structures are revealed by correlating observations from multiple methods{\textemdash}X-ray absorption spectroscopy for in situ study, and quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface sensitivity. For both types of catalysts, Cu transforms to metallic Cu0\&nbsp;under reaction conditions. However, the Sn speciation and content differ significantly between the catalyst types: the CO-selective catalysts exhibit a surface Sn content of 13 at.\&nbsp;\% predominantly present as oxidized Sn, while the formate-selective catalysts display an Sn content of ≈70 at. \% consisting of both metallic Sn0\&nbsp;and Sn oxide species. Density functional theory simulations suggest that Snδ+\&nbsp;sites weaken CO adsorption, thereby enhancing CO selectivity, while Sn0\&nbsp;sites hinder H adsorption and promote formate production. This study reveals the complex dependence of catalyst structure, composition, and speciation with electrochemical bias in bimetallic Cu catalysts.},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aenm.202103328},
	author = {Laura C Pardo P{\'e}rez and Alexander Arndt and Sasho Stojkovikj and Ibbi Y. Ahmet and Joshua T Arens and Federico Dattila and Robert Wendt and Ana Guilherme Buzanich and Martin Radtke and Veronica Davies and Katja H{\"o}flich and Eike K{\"o}hnen and Philipp Tockhorn and Ronny Golnak and Jie Xiao and G{\"o}tz Schuck and Markus Wollgarten and N{\'u}ria L{\'o}pez and Matthew T. Mayer}
}
