<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sasho Stojkovikj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metodija Najdoski</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Violeta Koleva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sani Demiri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation of electrochromic thin films by transformation of manganese (II) carbonate</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022369713001893</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">74</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1433-1438</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;A new chemical bath method for deposition of manganese(II) carbonate&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/thin-films&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about thin film from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;thin film&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;on electroconductive&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/oxide-glass&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about FTO glass from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;FTO glass&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;substrates is designed. The homogeneous thin films with thickness in the range of 70 to 500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;nm are deposited at about 98&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;°C from aqueous solution containing urea and MnCl&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. The chemical process is based on a low temperature hydrolysis of the manganese complexes with urea. Three types of films are under consideration: as-deposited, annealed and electrochemically transformed thin films. The structure of the films is studied by&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/x-ray-diffraction&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about XRD from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;XRD&lt;/a&gt;, IR and&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/raman-spectroscopy&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about Raman spectroscopy from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;Raman spectroscopy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;. Electrochemical and&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/optical-property&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about optical properties from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;optical properties&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;are examined in eight different electrolytes (neutral and alkaline) and the best results are achieved in two component aqueous solution of 0.1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;M KNO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;and 0.01&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;M KOH. It is established that the as-deposited MnCO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;film undergoes electrochemically transformation into birnessite-type manganese(IV)&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/oxide-film&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about oxide films from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;oxide films&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, which exhibit&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/electrochromics&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about electrochromic from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;electrochromic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;color changes (from bright brown to pale yellow and vice versa) with 30% difference in the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a class=&quot;topic-link&quot; href=&quot;https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/transmittance&quot; title=&quot;Learn more about transmittance from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages&quot;&gt;transmittance&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;of the colored and bleached state at 400&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;nm.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></issue></record></records></xml>