<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A simple chemical method for deposition of electrochromic potassium manganese oxide hydrate thin films</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span&gt;A new chemical method for fast deposition of electrochromically active thin films of birnessite-type potassium manganese oxide (K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;0.27&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;MnO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;·&lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;x&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt;H&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;O) has been developed. The chemical deposition has been performed at room temperature by a reaction of aqueous solutions of potassium permanganate and manganese(II) chloride. The prepared thin films have thickness from 50 to 250&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;nm depending on the number of the deposition cycles. The composition and the structure of the K-birnessite films are studied by XRD, IR spectroscopy and TG/DTA analyses. Electrochemical studies using four different electrolytes such as aqueous K&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;SO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, Li&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;SO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, KNO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, and LiClO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;in PC have been performed. The electrochromic activity has been explored by cyclic voltammetry and VIS spectrometry. The best electrochromic properties are obtained using aqueous KNO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, where the difference in the transmittance at 400&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;nm between the bleached and colored state is 40% for both as-deposited and annealed films. The obtained data allow the prepared K-birnessite thin films in aqueous KNO&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;electrolyte to be proposed as a promising system for electrochromic applications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>